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Home » Florentine Codex, Book 12, Ch 11 » Analysis: Folio 16 verso

Folio 16 verso

Florentine Codex, Book 12, Ch 11

Folio 16 verso

Translations and Transcriptions

Spanish Translation

[Translation of the Nahuatl into Spanish by Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún; transcription of the Spanish (left-hand column) by James Lockhart:] [f. 16v.] dellos los españoles y coniecturaron alguna traicion  començaron luego a llamar a vozes a los principales y señores y toda la otra gente para que viniesen a donde estauā los españoles y ellos todos se iuntaron en el patio del gran cu de Quetzalcoatl: estando alli iuntos los españoles afrontados de la poca cuenta que auian hecho dellos: entraron a cauallo auiendo tomado todas las entradas del patio, començaron a lancearlos y mataron todos quatos pudieron y los amigos indios de creer es que matarō muchos mas. Los chololtecas, ni lleuaron armas offensiuas ni deffensiuas sino fueronse desarmados pensando que no se haria lo que se hizo: desta manera murieron mala muerte,  todas estas cosas que acontecieron, luego que acontecieron: los mensajeros de Motecuçoma se las venian a dezir: todo el camino andaua lleno de mensajeros de aca por alla, y de alla por aca, y toda la gente aca en mexico y donde venian los españoles en todas las comarcas andaua la gente muy alborotada y desasosegada parecia que la tierra se mouia todos andauā espātados y atonitos. 

English Translation

[Translation of the Nahuatl (right-hand column) by James Lockhart:] When they arrived, there was a general summons and cry that all the noblemen, rulers, subordinate leaders, warriors, and commoners should come, and everyone assembled in the temple courtyard. When they had all come together, [the Spaniards and their friends] blocked the entrances, all the places where one entered. Thereupon people were stabbed, struck, and killed. No such thing was in the minds of the Cholulans; they did not meet the Spaniards with weapons of war. It just seemed that they were stealthily and treacherously killed, because the Tlaxcalans persuaded [the Spaniards] to do it. And a report of everything that was happening was given and relayed to Moteucçoma. Some of the messengers would be arriving as others were leaving; they just turned around and ran back. There was no time when they weren’t listening, when reports weren’t being given. And all the common people went about in a state of excitement; there were frequent disturbances, as if the earth moved and [Translation of the Spanish (left-hand column) by James Lockhart:] of them and conjectured some treason. Then they began to cry out loudly to the leaders and lords and all the other people [of Cholula] to come to where the Spaniards were, and they all assembled in the square of the great cu [temple] of Quetzalcoatl. When they were together there, the Spaniards, affronted by the little notice they had taken of them, entered on horseback, having secured all the entrances to the square, and began to put them to the lance, killing as many as they could, and it is to be believed that the friendly Indians killed many more. The Cholulans bore neither offensive nor defensive weapons, but went unarmed, thinking that what was done would not be done, so that they died a bad death. As soon as all these things happened, Moteucçoma's messengers came to tell him of them; the whole road was full of messengers from here to there and there to here, and all the people here in Mexico and in the districts where the Spaniards were coming went about very agitated and upset. It seemed that the earth moved; everyone went about shocked and stunned.

Analytic Transcription

[Transcription of the Nahuatl (right-hand column) by James Lockhart:] [f. 16v.] chiuhtiaque: in oacito nimā ie ic tenotzalo, tetzatzililo, ixquichtin oallazque in pipilti, in tlatoque, in teiacana, in tiacaoan, yoan maceoati, neteuitoaltemaloc. Auh in ie ocenquizque ixquichtin, niman quioaltzatzacque in calacoaiā, in izquicampa calacoa, nimā ie ic texixilioa, temictilo, teviviteco, atle iniollo ipan catca in Chololtecatl: amo mitica amo chimaltica quinnamicq¯ in Españoles, çan iuhquin ichtacamictiloque, çan tlaixpopoiomictilti, çan tlachtacamictilti, canel çan quintenanaoatilique in tlaxcalteca. Auh in ixquich muchioaia, muchi quioalmacaia, quioalilhuiaia, quioalcaquitiaia in tlatolli in Motecuçoma. Auh in titlanti, ixquich oalaci, ixquich vmpeoa, çanmocuitlacueptinemi, aoc quenman cactoc in quicaqui, incaquitilo tlatolli: auh in ie ixquich tlacatl maceoalli, çamâcomantinemi, ça achcan mocomonia, ça iuhquin tlallolini, ça iuh

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Spanish Translation

[Translation of the Nahuatl into Spanish by Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún; transcription of the Spanish (left-hand column) by James Lockhart:] [f. 16v.] dellos los españoles y coniecturaron alguna traicion  començaron luego a llamar a vozes a los principales y señores y toda la otra gente para que viniesen a donde estauā los españoles y ellos todos se iuntaron en el patio del gran cu de Quetzalcoatl: estando alli iuntos los españoles afrontados de la poca cuenta que auian hecho dellos: entraron a cauallo auiendo tomado todas las entradas del patio, començaron a lancearlos y mataron todos quatos pudieron y los amigos indios de creer es que matarō muchos mas. Los chololtecas, ni lleuaron armas offensiuas ni deffensiuas sino fueronse desarmados pensando que no se haria lo que se hizo: desta manera murieron mala muerte,  todas estas cosas que acontecieron, luego que acontecieron: los mensajeros de Motecuçoma se las venian a dezir: todo el camino andaua lleno de mensajeros de aca por alla, y de alla por aca, y toda la gente aca en mexico y donde venian los españoles en todas las comarcas andaua la gente muy alborotada y desasosegada parecia que la tierra se mouia todos andauā espātados y atonitos. 

English Translation

[Translation of the Nahuatl (right-hand column) by James Lockhart:] When they arrived, there was a general summons and cry that all the noblemen, rulers, subordinate leaders, warriors, and commoners should come, and everyone assembled in the temple courtyard. When they had all come together, [the Spaniards and their friends] blocked the entrances, all the places where one entered. Thereupon people were stabbed, struck, and killed. No such thing was in the minds of the Cholulans; they did not meet the Spaniards with weapons of war. It just seemed that they were stealthily and treacherously killed, because the Tlaxcalans persuaded [the Spaniards] to do it. And a report of everything that was happening was given and relayed to Moteucçoma. Some of the messengers would be arriving as others were leaving; they just turned around and ran back. There was no time when they weren’t listening, when reports weren’t being given. And all the common people went about in a state of excitement; there were frequent disturbances, as if the earth moved and [Translation of the Spanish (left-hand column) by James Lockhart:] of them and conjectured some treason. Then they began to cry out loudly to the leaders and lords and all the other people [of Cholula] to come to where the Spaniards were, and they all assembled in the square of the great cu [temple] of Quetzalcoatl. When they were together there, the Spaniards, affronted by the little notice they had taken of them, entered on horseback, having secured all the entrances to the square, and began to put them to the lance, killing as many as they could, and it is to be believed that the friendly Indians killed many more. The Cholulans bore neither offensive nor defensive weapons, but went unarmed, thinking that what was done would not be done, so that they died a bad death. As soon as all these things happened, Moteucçoma's messengers came to tell him of them; the whole road was full of messengers from here to there and there to here, and all the people here in Mexico and in the districts where the Spaniards were coming went about very agitated and upset. It seemed that the earth moved; everyone went about shocked and stunned.

Analytic Transcription

[Transcription of the Nahuatl (right-hand column) by James Lockhart:] [f. 16v.] chiuhtiaque: in oacito nimā ie ic tenotzalo, tetzatzililo, ixquichtin oallazque in pipilti, in tlatoque, in teiacana, in tiacaoan, yoan maceoati, neteuitoaltemaloc. Auh in ie ocenquizque ixquichtin, niman quioaltzatzacque in calacoaiā, in izquicampa calacoa, nimā ie ic texixilioa, temictilo, teviviteco, atle iniollo ipan catca in Chololtecatl: amo mitica amo chimaltica quinnamicq¯ in Españoles, çan iuhquin ichtacamictiloque, çan tlaixpopoiomictilti, çan tlachtacamictilti, canel çan quintenanaoatilique in tlaxcalteca. Auh in ixquich muchioaia, muchi quioalmacaia, quioalilhuiaia, quioalcaquitiaia in tlatolli in Motecuçoma. Auh in titlanti, ixquich oalaci, ixquich vmpeoa, çanmocuitlacueptinemi, aoc quenman cactoc in quicaqui, incaquitilo tlatolli: auh in ie ixquich tlacatl maceoalli, çamâcomantinemi, ça achcan mocomonia, ça iuhquin tlallolini, ça iuh

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